Practice with Our Flashcards

Understanding the Basics

When multiplying a 1-digit number by a multiple of 10, 100, or 1000, you can break down the larger number into smaller components that are easier to manage. Let's explore this concept step-by-step.

Multiplying by 10

Consider the problem: 4 x 80.

1. Break Down the Multiple: 80 can be written as 8 x 10.

2. Multiply the Single-Digit Numbers: Multiply 4 by 8 to get 32.

3. Apply the Pattern: Multiply 32 by 10 by simply adding a zero at the end, resulting in 320.

Multiplying by 100

Next, let’s try: 6 x 300.

1. Break Down the Multiple: 300 is the same as 3 x 100.

2. Multiply the Single-Digit Numbers: Multiply 6 by 3 to get 18.

3. Apply the Pattern: Multiply 18 by 100 by adding two zeros at the end, resulting in 1800.

Multiplying by 1000

Finally, consider: 7 x 7000.

1. Break Down the Multiple: 7000 can be written as 7 x 1000.

2. Multiply the Single-Digit Numbers: Multiply 7 by 7 to get 49.

3. Apply the Pattern: Multiply 49 by 1000 by adding three zeros at the end, resulting in 49,000.

Recognizing Patterns

The key pattern here is the addition of zeros:

• Multiplying by 10: Add one zero.

• Multiplying by 100: Add two zeros.

• Multiplying by 1000: Add three zeros.

By recognizing and applying these patterns, you can quickly and accurately multiply any single-digit number by multiples of 10, 100, or 1000.

Examples to Practice

Try these on your own:

• 9 x 50: Break it down to 9 x 5 x 10. Solution: 450.

• 9 x 500: Break it down to 9 x 5 x 100. Solution: 4500.

• 9 x 5000: Break it down to 9 x 5 x 1000. Solution: 45,000.

Master these patterns and you'll have a powerful tool for multiplication at your disposal!